Neuropsychology
Mahdieh Rahmanian; Jafar Hassani; Maryam Zamani
Abstract
Background: Nowadays, the study of neurological infrastructure of personality traits has a special place in neuropsychological research. According to Eysenck, the correlation between personality and behavior is the result of individual differences in the brain function. The purpose of the present study ...
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Background: Nowadays, the study of neurological infrastructure of personality traits has a special place in neuropsychological research. According to Eysenck, the correlation between personality and behavior is the result of individual differences in the brain function. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the frontal EEG asymmetry according to neuroticism and extraversion dimensions.Methods: The statistical population of the present study was all male students of Payame Noor University of Tehran, who studied in the academic year of 1963-96. Based on the final scores of distribution in two dimensions of extroversion and neuroticism, four groups (extroverts, introverts, neuroticism and emotional stability) with 25 subjects were selected. The subjects completed the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire- Revised, Waterloo Handedness and footedness Questionnaires-Revised, and their eyedness was assessed, then the electrical activity of the brain of the subjects was recorded through EEG from different points on the scalp. Results: The findings of the study show that there is no significant difference between the four groups in the right frontopolar (FP2), right middle frontal (F4), right lateral frontal (F8) and right frontal cortex (RF) in alpha activity. There is a significant difference between the left frontopolar (FP1), left middle frontal (F3), left lateral frontal (F7) and left frontal cortex (LF) between the four groups (P<0.01); as alpha wave activity on left regions in neurotic and introverted individuals is more than emotional stable and extroverted subjects. Conclusion: In general, the findings of the present study strengthen the relationship between personality dimensions and frontal EEG asymmetry.
zahra ghanbarizarandi; jafar hasani; shahram mohammadkhani; mohammad hatami
Volume 4, Issue 13 , August 2018, , Pages 47-66
Abstract
Aim: The purpose of this study was the comparison of difficulty in emotion regulation and craving based on the sensitivity of brain-behavioral systems and levels of loneliness. Method: In this study, Factorial design of nonequivalent groups were used. The study population consisted of all women with ...
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Aim: The purpose of this study was the comparison of difficulty in emotion regulation and craving based on the sensitivity of brain-behavioral systems and levels of loneliness. Method: In this study, Factorial design of nonequivalent groups were used. The study population consisted of all women with addiction in Kerman who referred to clinics and treatment centers during 2017. The initial research sample included 580 people who were selected by convenience method. Groups were defined according to the loneliness and brain-behavioral systems, that included each group between 21 and 24 subjects. Data were collected using the Craving Beliefs Questionnaire, Jackson's Five Factor Questionnaire, difficulty in emotion regulation Scale and Loneliness Scale. For data analysis were used multivariate analysis of variance (factorial two-way) and Tukey's post hoc test. Findings: The findings showed that the main effect of behavioral brain systems on the difficulty in emotion regulation and craving is significant, but the main effect of loneliness on the difficulty in emotion regulation and craving is not significant. The interactive effect of loneliness and brain-behavioral systems was significant on the difficulty in emotion regulation and craving. Among the groups based on the severity of the activity of the three brain-behavioral systems, the highest rates of craving were in the high FFFS group and the lowest in the low FFFS. Conclusion: In sum, the effect of loneliness on the difficulty in emotion regulation and craving is exacerbated and significant that the interactive effect of loneliness and the high FFFS be investigated.
Jafar Hassani; Zahra Khalaji
Volume 3, Issue 9 , September 2017, , Pages 133-146
Abstract
Introduction: Risky behaviors are one of the most important causes of mortality in adolescents. The purpose of this study was to investigate the pattern of structural relationships between brain-behavioral systems activity, process emotion regulation strategies and risky behaviors. Method: 410 students ...
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Introduction: Risky behaviors are one of the most important causes of mortality in adolescents. The purpose of this study was to investigate the pattern of structural relationships between brain-behavioral systems activity, process emotion regulation strategies and risky behaviors. Method: 410 students (210 females and 200 males) were selected from the students of Karaj using multistage cluster sampling and assessed by adolescents’ risky behaviors questionnaire, Jackson Factor Scale, and emotional ordering questionnaire. After collecting data, Lisrel software and SPSS software were used for data analysis. Findings: The findings show that BAS, BAS and FFFS components have a direct effect on risky behaviors. Additionally, the reappraisal of emotional experiences by reducing the effect of the activity of brain-behavioral systems in the risky behaviors of adolescents has a mediator role, while the suppression of emotional experiences by mediating the activity of brain-behavioral systems in high-risk behaviors of adolescents has a direct mediator role. Conclusion: In general, the findings of this study support the role of physiological bases of personality and emotion regulation strategies in the incidence of risky behaviors.
Elyas Akbari; Jafar Hasani; Alireza Moradi
Volume 1, Issue 1 , September 2015, , Pages 7-25
Abstract
Introduction: The present study aimed at investigating the effect of emotional experience induction on the executive functi of attention and working memory with regard to depressive continumm. Method: In the first stage 449 students of Kharazmi university of Tehran were randomly screened by means of ...
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Introduction: The present study aimed at investigating the effect of emotional experience induction on the executive functi of attention and working memory with regard to depressive continumm. Method: In the first stage 449 students of Kharazmi university of Tehran were randomly screened by means of second version of the beck depression inventory (BDI-II (and then 34 of them who had obtained equal or up to +1/5 and equal or lower than -1/5 standard z score were selected as the sample group and were invited to next stage of the research. Then, they were examined individually in three steps. The first stage was related to the basic activity of the executive functions of the attention and working memory before watching emotional movies and the next two stages of the experiment were conducted after watching the selected emotional movies including positive and negative emotional movies. Findings: The finding indicated that emotional experience induction can affect attention without the main effect of group. Besided, results related to the working memory showed that the performance of the two groups in different emotional situations has significant difference. Conclusion: Regarding the results of the present study, attention maybe affected under more severe concitions of depression and working memory performance, as an executive function, maybe impaired under the influence of depression. This makes it difficult to select and process information quickly for performing the task.
